بررسی تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی بر زراعت، امنیت غذایی و راه‌حل‌های سازګاری آن در ولایت فراه

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the effects of climate change on agriculture and food security in Farah Province, as well as to propose practical and effective solutions for local farmers. The statistical population consisted of 385 farmers from the province. Data were collected through both quantitative and qualitative methods and analyzed using the SPSS software. The results revealed that about 54% of the respondents were between 18 and 30 years old, and all were male. In terms of economic status, 31% were in the low-income group, 40% in the middle-income group, and 29% in the relatively good-income group. Moreover, 60% of the farmers were engaged in rural agricultural activities, and 76% reported moderate to high awareness of climate change issues. Only 32% used modern agricultural technologies, while 50% had an education level above high school. Qualitative findings indicated that most farmers expressed concern about rising temperatures, reduced rainfall, and recurring droughts in Farah. About 65% stated that financial limitations prevented them from adopting new technologies, and 80% reported a decline in crop yields. Based on the findings, the main proposed solutions include continuous training for farmers, targeted financial support, promotion of modern irrigation systems, development of organic farming, and establishment of local cooperatives. The reliability of the questionnaire, measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.82), confirmed acceptable internal consistency. Overall, the results emphasize that effective policy implementation and investment in education can significantly enhance the resilience of the agricultural sector in Farah Province against the impacts of climate change.